ὀρθός, ή, όν,
straight, I) in height,
upright, standing, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], who commonly joins it with στῆναι, στῆ δ᾽ ὀρθός [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀρθαὶ τρίχες ἔσταν [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὀρθὸν οὖς ἵστησι pricks up his ear, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; applied to the
erect posture of man, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὀ. θηρίον, of man, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; of buildings,
standing with their walls entire, [τὸ Πάνακτον] ὀρθὸν παραδοῦναι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of a
standing crop, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
adverb, ὀρθῶς ἑστῶτες [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
I.b) Geometry texts,
at right angles to, εὐθεῖα πρὸς ἐπίπεδον ὀρθή ἐστιν ὅταν. [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
I.c) Astrology texts, ὀρθὰ ζῴδια signs
which rise vertically, opposed to πλάγια, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
II) in line,
straight (opposed to σκολιός crooked and πλάγιος aslant), ἀντ᾽ ἠελίου τετραμμένος ὀρθός
straight, right opposite the sun, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ποιῶν ὀρθὰ πάντα πρὸς κανόνα [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]; ὀ. τρῶμα
longitudinal to the muscle, opposed to ἐπικάρσιος, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ὀρθὴν κελεύεις, i. e. ὀρθὴν ὁδόν με ἰέναι κ, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ὀρθὴν ἄνω δίωκε (i.e. όδόν) [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; δι᾽ ὀρθῆς τήνδε ναυκληρεῖς πόλιν (i.e. ὁδοῦ) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; εἰς ὀρθὸν ἀποδοῦναι
to face the front originally held, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; also ὀρθᾷ χερί
straightway, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀρθῷ ποδί[
Refs]; but τιθέναι ὀρθὸν πόδα is probably
to put the foot out, as in walking, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
II.2) βλέπειν ὀρθά, opposed to being blind, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
recovered his sight, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; ἐξ ὀμμάτων ὀ. κἀξ ὀρθῆς φρενός [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III)
metaphorically,
III.1)
right, safe, prosperous:
III.1.a) partly from
signification[
Refs]
set them up, restored, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ὀρθὸν ἀστάσας (= ἀναστήσας) [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐς ὀρθὸν ἱστάναι τινά [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ταύτης ἔπι (i.e. χθονός) πλέοντες ὀρθῆς (the state being represented as a ship) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.1.b) partly from
signification [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κατ᾽ ὀρθὸν οὐρίσαι to speed
in prosperous course, [
Refs]
III.2)
right, true, correct, ἄγγελος, ἀγγελία, νόος, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὄρθ᾽ ἀκούειν to be
rightly, truly called, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
strictly speaking, in very truth, [
Refs]: so in
adverb, ὀρθῶς λέγειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀ. ἔχει it is
right, with
infinitive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: in answers,
rightly, exactly, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
superlative, ὀρθότατα καλεόμενος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; φωνεῖν δίκης ἐς ὀρθόν[
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.3)
true, real, genuine, ὀ. πολιτεῖαι, opposed to παρεκβάσεις, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὀ. μανία
real madness, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
adverb -θῶς
really, truly, τοὺς ὀ. φιλομαθεῖς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.4)
upright, just, ἐμμένειν ὀ. νόμῳ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
uprightness, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπιστήμη ἐνοῦσα καὶ ὀ. λόγος (see. λόγος IV. I) [
Refs]; ὁ ὀ. λόγος διὰ πάντων ἐρχόμενος (see. λόγος [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ὀ. λόγοι
virtues on the intellectual side, [
Refs 1st c.BC+].
adverb ὀρθῶς
rightly, justly, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὀ. καὶ νομίμως [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.5) of persons,
'straight', straightforward, σμικροὶ καὶ οὐκ ὀρθοὶ τὰς ψυχάς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III.6)
on tiptoe, full of expectation, excited, ὀρθῆς τῆς πόλεως γενομένης διά τι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
IV) ἡ ὀρθή,
IV.1) (i.e. ὁδός) see above [
Refs]
IV.2) ὀ. γωνία
right angle, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so ὀ. alone, [
Refs 4th c.BC+] to cut
at right angles, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; εἴ τις δείξειεν ὅτι αἱ ὀρθαὶ οὐ συμπίπτουσι. that
right angles do not meet (short for 'that two straight lines making, with a third, interior angles equal to two right angles, etc.'), [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ δυσὶν ὀρθαῖς
the theorem that the angles of a triangle are together equal to two right angles, [
Refs]; ὀρθὸς κῶνος, κύλινδρος, a
right cone, cylinder, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
IV.3) (with or without πτῶσις)
nominative, Latin
casus rectus, opposed to the oblique cases, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
V) ὀρθά
active verbs, opposed to ὕπτια (passive) and οὐδέτερα (neuter), [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
VI) ὀ. τόνος
real or
unmodified (compare above [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]