καλός, ή, όν,
Aeolic dialect κάλος (see. below), α, ον,
Boeotian dialect καλϝός [
Refs 6th c.BC+]:—
A)
beautiful, of outward form, frequently of persons, κάλλιστος ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν [
Refs 8th c.BC+] usually in the phrase κ. τε μέγας τε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; μέγας καὶ κ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; καλὸς δέμας
beautiful of form,[
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Χορῷ καλή
beauteous in the dance, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: with
infinitive, καλλίονες καὶ μείζονες εἰσοράασθαι [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐσορᾶν κ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: frequently of parts of the body,
fair, shapely, κ. πρόσωπα, ὅμματα, παρήϊα, σφυρά, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; of clothes, εἵματα, φάρεα, Χιτών, Χλαῖνα, πέδιλα, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; of arms and armour, κνημῖδες, ἀσπίς, σάκος, κόρυς, φάσγανα, ἔντεα, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; of buildings, manufactured articles, etc, αὐλὴ κ. τε μεγάλη τε [
Refs]; κ. δώματα, τεῖχος, πόλιες,[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also τέμενος, ἀγρός, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐέρσα κ. ead.[
Refs]
A.2) in
Attic dialect added to a name in token of love or admiration, as Ἀρίσημος κ. [
Refs]; ἐν τοῖσι τοίχοις ἔγραφ᾽ Ἀθηναῖοι καλοί” [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Ἀλκιβιάδης ὁ καλός, Σαπφὼ ἡ καλή, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.2.b) ἡ Καλή or Καλλίστη, as epithet, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.2.c) Καλοί, οἱ, divinities worshipped in childbirth, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
A.3) τὸ καλόν
beauty, [
Refs 7th c.BC+], etc; τὰ καλά
the proprieties or
elegancies of life, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.II) with
reference to use,
good, of fine quality, κ. λιμήν [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; Βορέῃ ἀνέμῳ. καλῷ
fair, [
Refs]; κ. ἀργύριον, opposed to κίβδηλον,
genuine silver, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; opposed to ἀποτετριμμένον,
good silver currency, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; ἐλαῖαι [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; γῆ [
NT+4th c.AD+]; στρατόπεδον κάλλιστον [
LXX+5th c.BC+]: with
infinitive, λόφος κάλλιστος τρέχειν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν καλῷ [τόπῳ] in a
good place, καθίζεσθαι, ὁρμεῖν, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν καλῷ under
favourable circumstances, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν κ. (i.e. Χρόνῳ) in
good time, in
season, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐν οὐ κ. [
Refs]; ἐν καλῷ [ἐστι] with
infinitive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] with
infinitive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τί γὰρ ἐμοὶ ζῆν καλό; what is the
good of life to me? [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; καλῇ πίστει, = Latin
bona fide, [
Refs 3rd c.AD+]
A.II.2) of sacrifices,
auspicious, σφάγια [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: with
infinitive, ἰέναι. κ. ἡμῖν τὰ ἱερὰ ἦν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III) in a moral sense,
beautiful, noble, honourable, in [
Refs 8th c.BC+] only in
neuter, οὐ καλὸν ἔειπες [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; frequently καλόν [ἐστι] with
infinitive, κ. τοι σὺν ἐμοὶ τὸν κήδειν ὅς κ᾽ ἐμὲ κήδῃ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐ γὰρ ἔμοιγε κ. (i.e. ἄρχειν)[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; so in Trag, καλόν μοι τοῦτο ποιούσῃ θανεῖν [
LXX+5th c.BC+]:
comparative, οὐ μέν τοι τόδε κάλλιον οὐδὲ ἔοικε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ἔργματα
noble deeds, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἀναστροφὴ κ. [
NT]: in
plural,
excellences, πλῆθος καλῶν [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ τοῦ παιδὸς κ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III.2) τὸ κ.
moral beauty, virtue, honour, opposed to τὸ αἰσχρόν, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; τοὐμὸν κ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III.3) of persons, in early writers coupled with ἀγαθός, see at {καλοκἀγαθός}; later κ. ποιμήν [
NT]; κ. στρατιώτης [
NT]
A.IV) in
Attic dialect and Trag. frequently ironically,
fine, specious, γέρας κ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B) Degrees of
comparative:
comparative καλλίων, ον, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]:
superlative κάλλιστος, η, ον, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; late καλλιώτερος or -ότερος, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C)
adverb:—Poets frequently use
neuter καλόν as
adverb, κ. ἀείδειν [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; later τὸ κ. [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
C.II) regular
adverb καλῶς (
Doric dialect καλώς [
Refs 5th c.BC+],
well, rightly, οὐδ᾽ ἔτι κ. οἶκος ἐμὸς διόλωλε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; κ. ζῆν, τεθνηκέναι, etc, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. φρονεῖν to be in one's
right mind, [
Refs]; κ. ἀγωνιεῖσθαι
fairly, on the merits of the case, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; Χρήματα δατῆθθαι κ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II.2) of good fortune,
well, happily, κ. πράσσειν, ={εὖ π}, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ἔχειν to be
well, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κ. ἔχει with
infinitive, 'tis
well to, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] to be
well off in respect to a thing, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II.3) καλῶς, ={πάνυ},
thoroughly, altogether, τὸν κ. εὐδαίμονα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
comparative, κάλλιον εἰδέναι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; κάλλιον ἐοικέναι to be
just like, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II.4) κ. ἀκούειν to be
well spoken of, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
C.II.5) κ. ποιῶν
rightly, deservedly, κ. ποιῶν ἀπόλλυται [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; in requests, κ. ποιήσεις πριάμενος, etc, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+], etc; also with
infinitive, κ. π. γράψαι [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
C.II.6) in answers, to approve the words of the former speaker,
well said! [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also, to decline an offer courteously,
no, thank you! [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πάνυ κ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II.7) ironically,
finely, καλῶς ἐρήμης γ᾽ ἂν σὺ γῆς ἄρχοις μόνος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II.8) κ. ὁ ἱερεύς
hurrah for the priest! [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
C.II.9) repeated with the
adjective, καλὴ καλῶς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II.10)
comparative καλλιόνως [
Refs 5th c.BC+]:
superlative καλλίστως [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
D) for compounds, see at {καλλι, καλο-}.
E) Quantity: ᾱ in
Epic dialect and early [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: ᾰ in Lyric poetry (except κᾱλῶς [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ μὴ κᾰλὰ κᾱλὰ πέφανται [
Refs 3rd c.BC+].--In
comparative, ῐ in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]