θεός, ὁ,
Boeotian dialect θιός,
Laconian dialect σιός (see. below), [
Refs 5th c.AD+], Cretan dialect
θιός [
Refs],
Doric dialect also
θεύς [
Refs 3rd c.BC+];
vocative (only late) θεός, also θεέ [
LXX+NT]; but classical in
compound names, Ἀμφίθεε, Τιμόθεε:—
God, the Deity, in general sense, both
singular and
plural (εἰ καὶ ἐπὶ θεοὺς καὶ ἔτι μᾶλλον ἐπὶ θεὸν ἁρμόζει μεταφέρειν [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; σὺν θ. εἰρημένον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: so in
plural, σύν γε θεοῖσιν [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; οὐ θεῶν ἄτερ pi.[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὑπὲρ θεόν
against his will,[
Refs 4th c.BC+]; θεῶν συνεθελόντων, βουλομένων, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
bless you! good heavens! for heaven's sake! [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: doubled in poets, θεὸν θεόν τις ἀγλαϊζέτω [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; θεοί (Cretan dialect θιοί) as an opening formula in Inscrr. (i.e. τύχην ἀγαθὴν διδοῖεν), [
Refs].1, etc: in Prose also with the
Article, ὁ θ. πάντων ἂν εἴη αἴτιος [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὰ πρὸς τοὺς θ, τὰ παρὰ τῶν θ, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
b) θεοί, opposed to ἄνδρες, πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also in
singular, θεῷ ἐναλίγκιος αὐδήν [
Refs 8th c.BC+], of an 'angel's visit', [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]
c) of special divinities, νέρτεροι θ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐνέρτεροι θ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; οἱ κάτωθεν θ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ δώδεκα θ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; μὰ τοὺς δώδεκα θ. [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; in dual, τὼ σιώ (
Laconian dialect), of Castor and Pollux, ναὶ τὼ σ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
d) ὁ θ, of natural phenomena, ὁ θ. ὕει (i.e. Ζεύς) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἔσεισεν ὁ θ. (i.e. Ποσειδῶν) [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of the sun, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; δύνοντος τοῦ θ. [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; the
weather, τί δοκεῖ τὰ τοῦ θεο; [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
e) Astrology texts, θεοί,= ἀστέρες, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]
f) θεός (i.e. Ἥλιος), name of the 9th τόπος, Rhetor.[
Refs]
2)
metaphorically, of abstract things, τὸ δ᾽ εὐτυχεῖν τόδ᾽ ἐν βροτοῖς θεός τε καὶ θεοῦ πλέον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ πλοῦτος τοῖς σοφοῖς θ. [
Refs]; φθόνος κάκιστος θ. [
Refs]
3) as title of rulers, θεῶν ἀδελφῶν (i.e. Ptolemy Il and Arsinoe), [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; Ἀντίοχος ὅτῳ θεὸς ἐπώνυμον γίγνεται [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]; θεὸς ἐκ θεοῦ, of Augustus, [
Refs 1st c.BC+]
3.b) = Latin
Divus, [
Refs 1st c.BC+]; οἱ ἐν θεοῖς αὐτοκράτορες,=
divi Imperatores, [
Refs]
3.c) generally of the dead, καὶ ζῶντός σου καὶ εἰς θεοὺς ἀπελθόντος [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]; θεοῖς χθονίοις,= Latin
Dis Manibus, [
Refs]
4)
one set in authority, judge, τὸ κριτήριον τοῦ θ, ἐνώπιον τοῦ θ, [
LXX]
II) θεός
feminine,
goddess, μήτε θήλεια θεός, μήτε τις ἄρσην [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; especially at Athens, of Athena, Decrees cited in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἁ Διὸς θεός, Ζηνὸς ἡ θ, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of other goddesses, ποντία θεός [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἡ νερτέρα θ,= Περσεφόνη, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Thetis, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of Niobe, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: in dual, of Demeter and Persephone, τὰ τοῖν θεοῖν ψηφίσματα [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
III) as
adjective in
comparative θεώτερος,
divine, θύραι θ, opposed to καταιβαταὶ ἀνθρώποισιν, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; χορὸς θ. [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (κόσμῳ θέντες τὰ πρήγματα), by [
Refs 5th c.BC+] [In
Epic dialect (twice in [
Refs 8th c.BC+], as
monosyllable by synizesis, θεοί [
Refs 8th c.BC+]