ἐπί, Thess. (before τ) [
Refs 3rd c.BC+], to denote the
being upon or
supported upon a surface or
point. A) WITH GEN:
A.I) of Place,
A.I.1) with Verbs of Rest,
upon, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: without a Verb expressed, ἔγχεα ὄρθ᾽ ἐ. σαυρωτῆρος (i.e. σταθέντα) [
Refs]; ἔκλαγξαν ὀϊστοὶ ἐπ᾽ ὤμων the arrows
on his shoulders, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: also with Verbs of Motion, where the subject rests
upon something, as
on a chariot, a horse, a ship, φεύγωμεν ἐφ᾽ ἵππων
on our chariot, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὴν κλεῖδα περιφέρειν ἐφ᾽ ἑαυτοῦ to carry the key about
on his person, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] walk
on tiptoe, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; of places,
upon, if the place is an actual
support, [
Refs]; ἐ. τοῦ εὐωνύμον
on the left, ἐ. τῶν πλευρῶν
on the flanks, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but most frequently,
in, rarely in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
in the country. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ οἰκήματος κατίσαι, καθῆσθαι,
in a brothel, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; μένειν ἐ. τῆς αὐτῶν (i.e. χώρας) remain
in statu quo, Indut. cited in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; later of towns, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+], etc; sometimes also,
at or
near, ἐπ᾽ αὐτάων (i.e. τῶν πηγῶν) [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; αἱ ἐ. Λήμνου ἐπικείμεναι νῆσοι
off Lemnos, [
Refs] the Thrace-
ward region, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
on, i.e.
near which, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
at the money-changers' tables, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
in the passage concerning the bush, [
NT]
A.I.2) in various relations not strictly local, μένειν ἐ. τῆς ἀρχῆς remain
in the command, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] abide
by it, [
Refs 4th c.BC+] to be engaged
in, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry).
A.I.2.b) of ships, ὁρμεῖν ἐπ᾽ ἀγκύρας ride
at (i.e.
in dependence upon an) anchor, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
dependent upon an attendant, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.2.c) with the personal and reflexive
pronoun, once in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; later mostly with
3rd pers., ἐπ᾽ ἑωυτῶν κεῖσθαι
by themselves, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ὑμέων αὐτῶν βαλέσθαι consider it
by yourselves, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἑωυτῶν διαλέγονται speak
in a dialect of their own, [
Refs 6th c.BC+] considering their own
interest only, th.[
Refs]
A.I.2.d) with numerals, to denote the
depth of a body of soldiers, ἐ. τεττάρων ταχφῆναι to be drawn up four
deep, four
in file, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] i.e.
in a long thin
line, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐφ᾽ ἑνὸς ἄγειν
in single
file, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; rarely of the
length of the line, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; πλεῖν ἐ. κέρως, ἐ. κέρας, see below c.[
Refs] is formed
in column, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] eight bricks
wide, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.2.e) with
genitive person,
before, in presence of, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; so,
before a magistrate or official, [
NT+2nd c.BC+]; but ἐπὶ δικασταῖς is
falsa lectio in [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
A.I.2.f) with Verbs of perceiving, observing, judging, etc,
in the case of, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων ἂν ἐσκόπει [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; also with Verbs of speaking,
on a subject, [
Refs 6th c.BC+].
A.I.3) implying Motion:
A.I.3.a) where the sense of motion is lost in the sense of being supported, ὀρθωθεὶς. ἐπ᾽ ἀγκῶνος having raised himself
upon his elbow, [
Refs 8th c.BC+].
A.I.3.b) in a pregnant sense, denoting the goal of motion (compare [
Refs 5th c.BC+] drew the ship
upon the land
and left it there, 1.485; περάαν νήσων ἔπι carry
to the islands
and leave there, 21.454, compare22.45; [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἀναβῆναι ἐ. τῶν πύργων [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (variant); frequently of motion
towards or (in a military sense)
upon a place, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] (but νήσου ἔ. Ψυρίης νέεσθαι to go
near Psyria, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] home
wards, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ κόλπος ὁ ἐ. Παγασέων φέρων the bay that leads
to Pagasae, [
Refs] the road
leading to [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.I.3.c)
metaphorically, ἐ. γνώμης τινὸς γίγνεσθαι come
to an opinion, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ὡς ἐ. κινδύνου as if
to meet danger, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]
A.II) of Time,
in the time of, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐ. Κέκροπος, ἐ. Δαρείου, etc, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐ. τούτου τυραννεύοντος, ἐ. Λέοντος βασιλεύοντος, ἐ. Μήδων ἀρχόντων, etc, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἐμεῦ
in my
time, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ εἰρήνης
in time of peace, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἡμέρης ἑκάστης variant for{-ῃ -τῃ} in [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.II.b) later ἐ. δείπνου
at dinner, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]
A.III) in various causal senses:
A.III.1)
over, of persons in authority, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; οἱ ἐ. τῶν πραγμάτων the public officers, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὁ ἐ. τῶν ἐπιστολῶν τοῦ Ὄθωνος, = Latin
ab epistulis, his secretary, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
A.III.2) κεκλῆσθαι ἐ. τινος to be called
after him, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. τινος ἐπώνυμος γίγνεσθαι [
Refs 2nd c.BC+].
A.III.3) of occasions, circumstances, and conditions, οὐκ ἐ. τούτου μόνον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐ. πάντων,
on all occasions, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἐξουσίας καὶ πλούτου πονηρὸν εἶναι
in. [
NT+4th c.BC+]
equally, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἐσχάτων
at the last, [
LXX]
for the present, [
Refs]
A.III.4)
in respect of, [
Refs 4th c.BC+];
concerning, [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
B) WITH DAT:
B.I) of Place,
upon, just like the
genitive (hence Poets use whichever case suits the metre, whereas in Prose the
dative is more frequently):
B.I.1) with Verbs of Rest, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; καίειν ἐ. πᾶσι (i.e. βωμοῖς) [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc: also with Verbs of Motion, where the subject rests
upon something, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (but ἐφ᾽ ἵππῳ, ἐφ᾽ ἵπποις and the like are never used for ἐφ᾽ ἵππου, etc.); of places, mostly
in, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; also,
at or
near, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc; of rivers, etc,
by, beside, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc; of persons, οὐ τἀπὶ Λυδοῖς οὐδ᾽ ἐπ᾽ Ὀμφάλῃ λατρεύματα
in Lydia,
in the power of O, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.I.1.b)
on or
over, ἐπ᾽ Ἰφιδάμαντι
over the body of Iphidamas, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also,
over or
in honour of, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
B.I.1.c) in hostile sense,
against, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc;
as a check upon, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; also,
towards, in reference to, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; τὸ ἐ. πᾶσιν τοῖς σώμασι κάλλος
extending over all bodies, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] the ills which lie
upon thee, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] make a law
for his case, whether
for or
against, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; νόμος κεῖται ἐ. τινι [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.I.1.d). of accumulation,
upon, after, ὄγχνη ἐπ᾽ ὄγχνῃ one pear
after another, pear
on pear, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry); πήματα ἐ. πήμασι, ἐ. νόσῳ νόσος, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.I.1.e).
in addition to, over and above, besides, οὐκ ἄρα σοί γ᾽ [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
besides, [
Refs 4th c.AD+]; so of Numerals, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]: with Verbs of eating and drinking,
with, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; νέκταρ [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; especially of a relish, κάρδαμον μόνον [
Refs 6th c.BC+]:
metaphorically, ἐ. τῷ φάγοις ἥδιστ᾽ ἄ; ἐ. βαλλαντί; [
Refs] live
on turnips, [
Refs 2nd c.AD+]
B.I.1.f). of position,
after,
behind, of soldiers, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
B.I.1.g).
in dependence upon, in the power of, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. τινί ἐστι it is
in his
power to do, c.
infinitive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. τῷ πλήθει
in their
hands, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc, as far as is
in my
power, etc, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. τοῖς υἱάσι their
property, [
Refs]
B.I.1.h).
according to, ἐ. τοῖς νόμοις Legal cited in [
Refs 5th c.BC+] codices (Lyric poetry).
B.I.1.i). of condition or circumstances
in which one is, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ αὐτοφώρῳ λαβεῖν, see at {αὐτόφωρος}; also ἐ. τῷ δείπνῳ
at dinner, [
Refs 6th c.BC+] (
anapaest meter).
B.I.1.k). Geometry texts, of the point, etc,
at which letters are written, κέντρον ἐφ᾽ ᾧ K Hippocr. cited in [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.I.2). with Verbs of Motion:
B.I.2.a). where the sense of motion merges in that of support, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἱστὸν ἔστησεν ἐ. [
Refs]; δυσφόρους ἐπ᾽ ὄμμασι γνώμας [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc.
B.I.2.b). in pregnant construction, πέτονται ἐπ᾽ ἄνθεσιν fly
on to the flowers
and settle there, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἦλθε δ᾽ [
Refs].
B.I.2.c). rarely for εἰς c.
accusative, [
Refs].
B.I.2.d). in hostile sense,
upon or
against, ἐ. τινι ἔχειν, ἰθύνειν ἵππους, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] (Teos, 5th c.BC).
B.II). of Time, rarely, and never in good
Attic dialect, except in sense of succession (below 2), ἐ. νυκτί
by night, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἤματι τῷδε
on this very day, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
for to-day, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
B.II.2). of succession,
after, ἕκτῃ ἐ. δέκα on the [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; πρὸ τῆς ἕκτης ἐ. δέκα [
Refs] Latin
re peracta, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], τὰ ἐ. τούτοισι, = Latin
quod superest, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry), etc.
B.II.3).
in the time of (compare [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.III). in various causal senses:
B.III.1). of the occasion or cause, τετεύξεται ἄλγε᾽ ἐπ᾽ αὐτῇ
for her, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
for thee, [
Refs 1st c.AD+]; μέγα φρονεῖν ἐ. τινι to be proud
at or
of a thing, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; also ἐφ᾽ αἵματι φεύγειν to be tried
on a capital charge, [
Refs 6th c.BC+], etc: in adverbial phrases [δικάσσαι] ἐπ᾽ ἀρωγῇ
with favour, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc; ἐ.κακουργίᾳ καὶ οὐκ ἀρετῇ
for malice, [
NT+5th c.BC+]
in both cases, [
Refs 6th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry); ἐ. τῇ πάσῃ συκοφαντίᾳ καὶ διασεισμῷ Mitteis [
Refs 2nd c.BC+]
B.III.2). of an end or purpose, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
for supper, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; δῆσαι ἐ. θανάτῳ or τὴν ἐ. θανάτῳ, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἐξαγωγῇ
for exportation, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
with a view to gaining. , [
Refs 6th c.BC+]
B.III.3). of the condition
upon which a thing is done, ἐ. τούτοισι
on these terms, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. τούτῳ, ἐπ᾽ ᾧτε
on condition that. , [
Refs 5th c.BC+] followed by
infinitive, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (but ἐφ᾽ ᾧ =
wherefore, NT.Rom.5.12); ἐπ᾽ οὐδενί
on no condition,
on no account, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; but,
for no adequate
reason, [
Refs 4th c.BC+],
on fair and equal
terms, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; γῆμαί [
Refs 6th c.BC+];
on the principle of. , [
Refs 5th c.BC+].
B.III.4). of the price
for which, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐπ᾽ ἀργυρίῳ λέγειν, πράττειν, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; also of money lent
at interest, δανείζεσθαι ἐ. τοῖς μεγάλοις τόκοις [
Refs] lend
at 12 per cent, [
Refs], i.e.
at 16 per cent, [
Refs]; also of the security
on which money is borrowed, [
Refs]; ἐπ᾽ οἴνου [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
B.III.5). of names, φάος καὶ νὺξ ὀνόμασται. [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ὄνομα καλεῖν [
Refs 6th c.BC+]
B.III.6). of persons in authority, ὅς μ᾽ ἐ. βουσὶν εἷσεν who set me
over the kine, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; πέμπειν ἐ. τοσούτῳ [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; οἱ ἐ. ταῖς καμήλοις [
Refs 5th c.BC+].
B.III.7).
in possession of, possessing, [
Refs 5th c.BC+].
C). WITH Acc:
C.I). of Place,
upon or
on to a height, with Verbs of Motion, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἀναβιβαστέον τινά, ἀναβαίνειν ἐ. τὸν ἵππον, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐξεκυλίσθη πρηνὴς ἐ. στόμα
upon his face, [
Refs]; ὤμω. ἐ. στῆθος συνοχωκότε drawn together
upon his breast, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐ. κεφαλήν head-
foremost, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I.b). Geometry texts, αἱ ἐ. τὰς ἁφὰς ἐπιζευγνύμεναι εὐθεῖαι
joining the points of contact, [
Refs 3rd c.BC+]. perpendicular
to (v. κάθετος).
C.I.2).
to, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc; ἐ. βωμὸν ἄγων [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐ. [
Refs]: c.
accusative person, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
C.I.2.b).
metaphorically, ἐ. ἔργα τρέπεσθαι, ἰέναι, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] codices; also ἐ. τὴν τράπεζαν ἀποδιδόναι, ὀφείλειν, pay, owe
to the bank, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; τὸ ἐ. τὴν τράπεζαν χρέως [
Refs] to be entered
under his name, [
Refs]
C.I.2.c).
up to, as far as (μέχρι ἐ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἐ. διηκόσια ἀποδιδόναι yield [
Refs]-
fold, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]
adjective or
pronoun, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ὅσσον [
Refs] I am prudent
enough, not to, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἐ. τὸ ἔσχατον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. μεῖζον χωρεῖν, ἔρχεσθαι, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. μακρότερον, ἐ. μακρότατον, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], a little
way, a little, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
still more, [
Refs 5th c.BC+].
C.I.2.d).
before, into the presence of (compare [
Refs 4th c.BC+] (but στὰς ἐ. τὸ συνέδριον standing
at the door of the council, [
NT].
C.I.2.e). in Military phrases (compare [
Refs 4th c.BC+], i.e. twenty-five
in file, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] many
in file, [
Refs] codices; for ἐ. κέρας see below[
Refs]
C.I.3). of the quarter or direction
towards or
in which a thing takes place, ἐ. δεξιά, ἐπ᾽ ἀριστερά,
to the right or left, [
Refs 8th c.BC+],
on the longer, shorter
side, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] both
ways, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc; ἐ. τάδε Φασήλιδος
on this
side, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], of space,
in one, two, three
dimensions, [
Refs 4th c.BC+],
to the spear or shield
side, i.e.
to right or left, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc, retire
on the foot, i.e. facing the enemy, [
Refs], etc, sail
towards or
on the wing, i.e.
in column (v. [
Refs], etc,
with exaggeration, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. τὸ φοβερώτερον [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.I.4). in hostile sense,
against, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; στρατεύεσθαι or -εύειν ἐ. τινα, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry); πλεῖν ἐ. τοὺσ [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; θύεσθαι ἐ. τινα offer sacrifice
on going against. , [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
to your
prejudice, [
Refs 4th c.BC+]
C.I.5). of extension
over a space, πουλὺν ἐφ᾽ ὑγρὴν ἤλυθον
over much water, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; πλέων, λεύσσων ἐ. οἴνοπα πόντον, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
over nine acres he lay stretched, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
over so much, [
Refs]
over a large space, [
Refs 5th c.BC+], etc; frequently to be rendered
on, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; ἵππους. ἐ. νῶτον ἐΐσας [
Refs]; ἐ. γαῖαν εἰσὶ δύω [γένη] [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; also,
among, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
C.II). of Time,
for or
during a certain time, [
Refs 8th c.BC+], etc; ἐπ᾽ [
Refs 4th c.BC+]; ἐ. χρόνον τινά, ἐ. τινα χρόνον, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ἐ. διετές Legal cited in [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; τὸ ἐφ᾽ ἡμέραν ἀρκέσον enough
for the day, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
for a long time, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
C.II.2).
up to, until a certain time, εὗδον παννύχιος [
Refs 8th c.BC+].
C.III). in various causal senses:
C.III.1). of the object or purpose
for which one goes, ἀγγελίην ἔπι Τυδῆ στεῖλαν sent him
for (i.e.
to bring) tidings of, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] let him go
for an ox, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]; πέμπειν εἴς τινα ἐ. στράτευμα [
Refs]
for (i.e.
to demand) the interest, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]: with
accusative of a Noun of Action, ἐξιέναι ἐ. θήραν go out hunting, [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ἔρχεσθαι, ἵζειν ἐ. δεῖπνον, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
to see the sight, [
NT+2nd c.BC+] or
adjective, ἐ. τοῦτο ἐλθεῖν
for this
purpose, [
Refs 6th c.BC+], etc; ἐ. τ;
to what
end? [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
for which
purpose, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]
for like
ends, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
to a better
result, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] set up
as God's anointed, [
LXX]: after an
adjective, ἄριστοι πᾶσαν [
Refs 8th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry); χρήσιμος [
Refs 6th c.BC+]; ὄργανα ἐ. τι [
Refs]
C.III.2).
so far as regards, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τοὐπί σε, τὸ ἐ. σέ, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; ὡς ἐ. τὸ πολύ
for the most part, [
Refs 5th c.BC+]; τὸ πρὸς ἅπαν [
Refs 3rd c.AD+]; ἐ. [
Refs 3rd c.BC+].
C.III.3). of persons set
over others, ἐ. τοὺς πεζοὺς [
Refs 6th c.BC+].
C.III.4).
according to, by, ἐ. στάθμην
by the rule, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
D). POSITION:—ἐπί may suffer anastrophe (ἔπι) and follow its case, as in [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
D.II). in Poets it is sometimes put with the second of two Nouns, though in sense it also governs the first, ἢ ἁλὸς ἢ ἐ. [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
E). AB[
Refs 8th c.BC+]; κτεῖνον δ᾽ ἐ. μηλοβοτῆρας
as well, [
Refs 8th c.BC+] and
besides. , [
Refs 5th c.BC+] (Lyric poetry).
E.II). ἔπι, for ἔπεστι,
there is, [
Refs 8th c.BC+]
there is no man, [
Refs 5th c.BC+] codices (Lyric poetry).
F). PROSODY: in ἐπιόψομαι, ι is not elided before a vowel; also in some words where σ or ϝ has been lost, as ἐπιάλμενος, ἐπιείκελος, ἐπιεικής, ἐπιέξομαι (v. [
Refs]
G). IN COMPOSITION:
G.I). of Place, denoting,
G.I.1). Support or Rest
upon, ἔπειμι (A), ἐπίκειμαι, ἐπικαθίζω, ἐπαυχένιος, ἐπιβώμιος, etc.
G.I.2). Motion,
G.I.2.a).
upon or
over, ἐπιβαίνω, ἐπιτρέχω.
G.I.2.b).
to or
towards, ἐπέρχομαι, ἐπιστέλλω, ἐπαρίστερος, ἐπιδέξιος.
G.I.2.c).
against, [
Refs], ἐπιστρατεύω, ἐπιβουλεύω.
G.I.2.d).
up to a point, ἐπιτελέω.
G.I.2.e).
over a place, as in ἐπαιωρέομαι, ἐπαρτάω.
G.I.2.f).
over or
beyond boundaries, as in ἐπινέμομαι.
G.I.2.g). implying reciprocity, as in ἐπιγαμία.
G.I.3). Extension
over a surface, as in ἐπαλείφω, ἐπανθίζω, [
Refs], ἐπάργυρος, ἐπίχρυσος.
G.I.4). Accumulation of one thing
over or
besides another, as in ἐπαγείρω, ἐπιμανθάνω, ἐπαυξάνω, ἐπιβάλλω, ἐπίκτητος.
G.I.5). Accompaniment,
to, with, as in ἐπᾴδω, ἐπαυλέω, ἐπαγρυπνέω: hence of Addition, ἐπίτριτος one
and 1/3 more, 1 + 1/3; so ἐπιτέταρτος, ἐπίπεμπτος, ἐπόγδοος, etc.
G.I.6). with
adjectives,
somewhat, slightly, as in ἐπίξανθος, ἐπίπικρος.
G.II). of Time and Sequence,
after, as in ἐπιβιόω, ἐπιβλαστάνω, ἐπιγίγνομαι, [
Refs].
G.III). in causal senses:
G.III.1). Superiority felt
over or
at, as in ἐπιχαίρω, ἐπιγελάω, ἐπαισχύνομαι.
G.III.2). Authority
over, as in ἐπικρατέω, ἔπαρχος, ἐπιβουκόλος, ἐπιποιμήν.
G.III.3). Motive
for, as in ἐπιθυμέω, ἐπιζήμιος, ἐπιθάνατος.
G.III.4). to give force or intensity to the Verb, as in ἐπαινέω, ἐπιμέμφομαι, ἐπικείρω, ἐπικλάω.