ルカの福音書 20
1 ある日、イエスが宮で人々に教え、福音を宣べておられると、祭司長や律法学者たちが、長老たちと共に近寄ってきて、
One day [during that week, Jesus] was teaching the people in the Temple [courtyard] and telling them [God’s] good message. As he was doing that, the chief priests, the men who taught the [Jewish] laws, and [other Jewish] elders came to him.
2 イエスに言った、「何の権威によってこれらの事をするのですか。そうする権威をあなたに与えたのはだれですか、わたしたちに言ってください」。
They asked him, “Tell us, by what authority are you doing these things? Who authorized you to do things [like you did here yesterday]?”
3 そこで、イエスは答えて言われた、「わたしも、ひと言たずねよう。それに答えてほしい。
He replied, “I will also ask you a question. Tell me,
4 ヨハネのバプテスマは、天からであったか、人からであったか」。
where did John [the Baptizer] get [his authority to] baptize [those who came to him]? [Did he get it] from God [MTY/EUP] or from people?”
5 彼らは互に論じて言った、「もし天からだと言えば、では、なぜ彼を信じなかったのか、とイエスは言うだろう。
They discussed this among themselves. They said, “[If we(inc) say], ‘[It was] from God [MTY/EUP],’ he will say to us, ‘[Then] (you should have believed John’s [message]!/why did you not believe what John preached?) [RHQ]’
6 しかし、もし人からだと言えば、民衆はみな、ヨハネを預言者だと信じているから、わたしたちを石で打つだろう」。
But if we say, ‘It was [from] people,’ the people [here] will [kill us by] throwing stones at us, because they [all] believe that John was a prophet [from God].”
7 それで彼らは「どこからか、知りません」と答えた。
So they replied, “We [(exc)] do not know where [John got his authority].”
8 イエスはこれに対して言われた、「わたしも何の権威によってこれらの事をするのか、あなたがたに言うまい」。
Then Jesus said to them, “[Because you did not answer my question], I will not tell you who authorized me to do those things [here yesterday].”
9 そこでイエスは次の譬を民衆に語り出された、「ある人がぶどう園を造って農夫たちに貸し、長い旅に出た。
Then Jesus told the people this parable [to illustrate what God would do to the Jews who rejected the former prophets and himself]: “A [certain] man planted a vineyard. He rented the vineyard to some men [to care for it and to give him some of the grapes in return]. Then he went to another country and stayed there several years.
10 季節になったので、農夫たちのところへ、ひとりの僕を送って、ぶどう園の収穫の分け前を出させようとした。ところが、農夫たちは、その僕を袋だたきにし、から手で帰らせた。
When [the vines started producing] grapes, he sent a servant to the men who were taking care of the vineyard. He expected that they would give him some of the grapes that the vineyard had produced. But [after the servant arrived], they beat him and they did not give him any grapes. They [just] sent him away.
11 そこで彼はもうひとりの僕を送った。彼らはその僕も袋だたきにし、侮辱を加えて、から手で帰らせた。
[Later], [the owner] sent another servant. But they beat him and mistreated him [also]. They sent him away without giving him any grapes.
12 そこで更に三人目の者を送ったが、彼らはこの者も、傷を負わせて追い出した。
[Still later, the owner] sent another servant. That one they wounded and threw him out [of the vineyard].
13 ぶどう園の主人は言った、『どうしようか。そうだ、わたしの愛子をつかわそう。これなら、たぶん敬ってくれるだろう』。
So the owner of the vineyard thought to himself, ‘(I do not know what to do!/What shall I do?) [RHQ]’ [Then he had an idea. He thought to himself], ‘I will send my son, [whom I] love [very much]. Perhaps they will respect him [and give him my share of the grapes].’
14 ところが、農夫たちは彼を見ると、『あれはあと取りだ。あれを殺してしまおう。そうしたら、その財産はわれわれのものになるのだ』と互に話し合い、
[So he sent his son], but when the men who were caring for the vineyard saw him [coming], they said to each other, ‘Here [comes] the man who will [some day] inherit [the vineyard]. Let’s kill him so that this vineyard will be ours!’
15 彼をぶどう園の外に追い出して殺した。そのさい、ぶどう園の主人は、彼らをどうするだろうか。
So they dragged him outside the vineyard and they killed him. So (I will tell you what the owner of the vineyard will do to them!/do you know what the owner of the vineyard will do to them?) [RHQ]
16 彼は出てきて、この農夫たちを殺し、ぶどう園を他の人々に与えるであろう」。人々はこれを聞いて、「そんなことがあってはなりません」と言った。
He will come and kill those men who were taking care of the vineyard. Then he will arrange for other people to take care of it.” When the people listening to Jesus heard that, they said, “[We would] not do anything like those wicked men did!”
17 そこで、イエスは彼らを見つめて言われた、「それでは、『家造りらの捨てた石が隅のかしら石になった』と書いてあるのは、どういうことか。
But Jesus looked directly at them and said, “You can say that, [but think about] the meaning of these words that are written {which [a prophet] wrote} [RHQ] [in the Scriptures], The men who were building a house rejected a certain stone. But others put that same stone in its proper place, and it has become the most important stone in the building [MET].
18 すべてその石の上に落ちる者は打ち砕かれ、それがだれかの上に落ちかかるなら、その人はこなみじんにされるであろう」。
[That stone represents me, the Messiah], and those who reject me are [like people who fall on this stone]. Everyone who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces {This stone will break to pieces everyone who falls on it}, and it will crush anyone on whom it falls.”
19 このとき、律法学者たちや祭司長たちはイエスに手をかけようと思ったが、民衆を恐れた。いまの譬が自分たちに当てて語られたのだと、悟ったからである。
The chief priests and the men who taught the [Jewish] laws realized that he was accusing them when he told the parable [about what those wicked men did]. So they immediately tried to find a way to seize [MTY] him, but [they did not seize him, because] they were afraid of [what] the people [there would do if they did that].
20 そこで、彼らは機会をうかがい、義人を装うまわし者どもを送って、イエスを総督の支配と権威とに引き渡すため、その言葉じりを捕えさせようとした。
So they watched him carefully. They also hired (spies/secret agents) who pretended to be sincere. [But] they really wanted to get him to say something for [which they could accuse] him. They wanted to be able to turn him over to the authority of the governor [of the province. But they also knew that the Jews were disgusted with having to pay taxes to the government].
21 彼らは尋ねて言った、「先生、わたしたちは、あなたの語り教えられることが正しく、また、あなたは分け隔てをなさらず、真理に基いて神の道を教えておられることを、承知しています。
[So] one of them asked Jesus, “Teacher, we [(exc)] know that you [(sg)] speak and teach what is right. You tell the truth even if important people do not like it. You teach truthfully what God wants us to do.
22 ところで、カイザルに貢を納めてよいでしょうか、いけないでしょうか」。
[So tell us what you think about this matter]: Is it right that we pay taxes to the Roman government [MTY], or not?”
23 イエスは彼らの悪巧みを見破って言われた、
But Jesus knew that they were trying to trick him [to get him into trouble, either with the Jews, who hated to pay those taxes, or with the Roman government]. So he said to them,
24 「デナリを見せなさい。それにあるのは、だれの肖像、だれの記号なのか」。「カイザルのです」と、彼らが答えた。
“Show me a [Roman] coin. [Then tell me] whose picture is on it. And [tell me whose] name is on it.” They [showed him a coin and] said, “It has the picture and name of Caesar, [the head of the Roman government].”
25 するとイエスは彼らに言われた、「それなら、カイザルのものはカイザルに、神のものは神に返しなさい」。
He said to them, “In that case, give to the government [MTY] what they [require], and give to God what he [requires].”
26 そこで彼らは、民衆の前でイエスの言葉じりを捕えることができず、その答に驚嘆して、黙ってしまった。
While the people were there, the [spies] were unable to find fault with him for what he said. And they were amazed at his answer. So they said nothing.
27 復活ということはないと言い張っていたサドカイ人のある者たちが、イエスに近寄ってきて質問した、
Some Sadducees came to [Jesus]. They are a Jewish sect who do not believe that people will become alive again after they die.
28 「先生、モーセは、わたしたちのためにこう書いています、『もしある人の兄が妻をめとり、子がなくて死んだなら、弟はこの女をめとって、兄のために子をもうけねばならない』。
They [wanted to] ask [Jesus] a question [in order to discredit the idea that dead people will live again]. One of them said [to Jesus], “Teacher, Moses wrote for us [Jews] about situations where a man who has a wife but no children. If the man dies, his brother should marry the [dead man’s] widow so that she can have a child by him. People [will consider] that the child is the descendant of the man [who died], [and in that way the dead man will have descendants].
29 ところで、ここに七人の兄弟がいました。長男は妻をめとりましたが、子がなくて死に、
Well, there were seven brothers in one family. The oldest one married, but he and his wife did not bear any children. Later he died.
30 そして次男、三男と、次々に、その女をめとり、
The second [brother followed this law and married the widow, but the same thing happened to him].
31 七人とも同様に、子をもうけずに死にました。
Then the third [brother] married her, [but the same thing happened again]. All seven [brothers, one by one, married that woman], [but] they had no children, and [one by one] they died.
32 のちに、その女も死にました。
Afterwards, the woman died, too.
33 さて、復活の時には、この女は七人のうち、だれの妻になるのですか。七人とも彼女を妻にしたのですが」。
Therefore, [if it is true that there will be a time] when dead people will become alive again, whose wife [do you think that woman] will be [then]? ([Keep in mind that she was married to all seven brothers!/It will be impossible to decide because] she was married to all seven brothers!) [RHQ]”
Jesus replied to them, “Men who live here in this world take wives, or are given wives [by their parents] {their [parents] choose wives [for them]}. (aiōn g165)
But the men whom God considers worthy of [being in heaven after] they become alive again will not be married. (aiōn g165)
36 彼らは天使に等しいものであり、また復活にあずかるゆえに、神の子でもあるので、もう死ぬことはあり得ないからである。
[You need to know also that] they cannot die any more, because they will be [immortal] [SIM] like angels. [The fact that God has caused] them to be alive again [will show] that they are God’s children.
37 死人がよみがえることは、モーセも柴の篇で、主を『アブラハムの神、イサクの神、ヤコブの神』と呼んで、これを示した。
But [as for people] becoming alive again after they die, Moses wrote something about that. In the place where [he wrote about] the [burning] bush, he mentions the Lord as being the God whom Abraham [worships] and the God whom Isaac [worships] and the God whom Jacob [worships].
38 神は死んだ者の神ではなく、生きている者の神である。人はみな神に生きるものだからである」。
It is not dead people who worship God. It is living people who worship him. [Abraham, Isaac and Jacob died long before Moses lived, but God said that they were still worshipping him, so we(inc) know their spirits were still alive]! All [people] whose [spirits] are alive [again after they die continue to live to honor God]!”
39 律法学者のうちのある人々が答えて言った、「先生、仰せのとおりです」。
Some of the men who taught the [Jewish] laws replied, “Teacher, you [(sg)] have answered very well!”
40 彼らはそれ以上何もあえて問いかけようとしなかった。
After that, they no longer dared to ask him any more questions [like that to try to trap him].
41 イエスは彼らに言われた、「どうして人々はキリストをダビデの子だと言うのか。
Then Jesus said to them, “I will show you (OR, prove to you) that people [are wrong who] say that the Messiah is [merely] a descendant of [King] David! [RHQ]
42 ダビデ自身が詩篇の中で言っている、『主はわが主に仰せになった、
Because David himself wrote [about the Messiah] in the book of Psalms, God said to my Lord, Sit [here beside me] on my right, [where I will highly honor you(sg)] [MTY].
43 あなたの敵をあなたの足台とする時までは、わたしの右に座していなさい』。
[Sit here] while I completely defeat your enemies.
44 このように、ダビデはキリストを主と呼んでいる。それなら、どうしてキリストはダビデの子であろうか」。
King David calls [the Messiah] ‘[my] Lord’! So ([the Messiah] cannot be [just someone] descended from [King] David!/how can the Messiah be [just] someone descended from [King] David?) [RHQ] [What I just said proves that he is much greater than David, isn’t that right]?”
45 民衆がみな聞いているとき、イエスは弟子たちに言われた、
While all the [other] people were listening, [Jesus] said to his disciples,
46 「律法学者に気をつけなさい。彼らは長い衣を着て歩くのを好み、広場での敬礼や会堂の上席や宴会の上座をよろこび、
“Beware that [you do not act like] the men who teach our [Jewish] laws. They like to put on long robes and walk around [to make people think that they are very important]. [They] also like [people to] greet them [respectfully] in the marketplaces. They like [to sit in] the most important places in the Jewish meeting places. At dinner parties [they like to sit in] the seats where the most honored people sit.
47 やもめたちの家を食い倒し、見えのために長い祈をする。彼らはもっときびしいさばきを受けるであろう」。
They swindle [MET] the houses [and property] of widows. [Then] they pretend they are good, as they pray [long] prayers [publicly. God] will [certainly] punish them very severely.”
