ルカの福音書 20
1 或 日イエス宮にて民を教へ、福音を宣べゐ給ふとき、祭司長・學者らは、長老どもと共に近づき來り、
One day [during that week, Jesus] was teaching the people in the Temple [courtyard] and telling them [God’s] good message. As he was doing that, the chief priests, the men who taught the [Jewish] laws, and [other Jewish] elders came to him.
2 イエスに語りて言ふ『なにの權威をもて此 等の事をなすか、此の權威を授けし者は誰か、我らに告げよ』
They asked him, “Tell us, by what authority are you doing these things? Who authorized you to do things [like you did here yesterday]?”
3 答へて言ひ給ふ『われも一言なんぢらに問はん、答へよ。
He replied, “I will also ask you a question. Tell me,
4 ヨハネのバプテスマは天よりか、人よりか』
where did John [the Baptizer] get [his authority to] baptize [those who came to him]? [Did he get it] from God [MTY/EUP] or from people?”
5 彼ら互に論じて言ふ『もし「天より」と言はば「なに故かれを信ぜざりし」と言はん。
They discussed this among themselves. They said, “[If we(inc) say], ‘[It was] from God [MTY/EUP],’ he will say to us, ‘[Then] (you should have believed John’s [message]!/why did you not believe what John preached?) [RHQ]’
6 もし「人より」と言はんか、民みなヨハネを預言者と信ずるによりて、我らを石にて撃たん』
But if we say, ‘It was [from] people,’ the people [here] will [kill us by] throwing stones at us, because they [all] believe that John was a prophet [from God].”
7 遂に何處よりか知らぬ由を答ふ。
So they replied, “We [(exc)] do not know where [John got his authority].”
8 イエス言ひたまふ『われも何の權威をもて此 等の事をなすか、汝らに告げじ』
Then Jesus said to them, “[Because you did not answer my question], I will not tell you who authorized me to do those things [here yesterday].”
9 かくて次の譬を民に語りいで給ふ『ある人、葡萄園を造りて農夫どもに貸し、遠く旅立して久しくなりぬ。
Then Jesus told the people this parable [to illustrate what God would do to the Jews who rejected the former prophets and himself]: “A [certain] man planted a vineyard. He rented the vineyard to some men [to care for it and to give him some of the grapes in return]. Then he went to another country and stayed there several years.
10 時 至りて、葡萄園の所得を納めしめんとて、一人の僕を農夫の許に遣ししに、農夫ども之を打ちたたき、空手にて歸らしめたり。
When [the vines started producing] grapes, he sent a servant to the men who were taking care of the vineyard. He expected that they would give him some of the grapes that the vineyard had produced. But [after the servant arrived], they beat him and they did not give him any grapes. They [just] sent him away.
11 又ほかの僕を遣ししに、之をも打ちたたき、辱しめ、空手にて歸らしめたり。
[Later], [the owner] sent another servant. But they beat him and mistreated him [also]. They sent him away without giving him any grapes.
12 なほ三度めの者を遣ししに、之をも傷つけて逐ひ出したり。
[Still later, the owner] sent another servant. That one they wounded and threw him out [of the vineyard].
13 葡萄園の主いふ「われ何を爲さんか。我が愛しむ子を遣さん、或は之を敬ふなるべし」
So the owner of the vineyard thought to himself, ‘(I do not know what to do!/What shall I do?) [RHQ]’ [Then he had an idea. He thought to himself], ‘I will send my son, [whom I] love [very much]. Perhaps they will respect him [and give him my share of the grapes].’
14 農夫ども之を見て互に論じて言ふ「これは世嗣なり。いざ殺して其の嗣業を我らの物とせん」
[So he sent his son], but when the men who were caring for the vineyard saw him [coming], they said to each other, ‘Here [comes] the man who will [some day] inherit [the vineyard]. Let’s kill him so that this vineyard will be ours!’
15 かくてこれを葡萄園の外に逐ひ出して殺せり。さらば葡萄園の主かれらに何を爲さんか、
So they dragged him outside the vineyard and they killed him. So (I will tell you what the owner of the vineyard will do to them!/do you know what the owner of the vineyard will do to them?) [RHQ]
16 來りてかの農夫どもを亡し、葡萄園を他の者どもに與ふべし』人々これを聽きて言ふ『然はあらざれ』
He will come and kill those men who were taking care of the vineyard. Then he will arrange for other people to take care of it.” When the people listening to Jesus heard that, they said, “[We would] not do anything like those wicked men did!”
17 イエス彼らに目を注めて言ひ給ふ『されば「造家者らの棄てる石は、これぞ隅の首石となれる」と録されたるは何ぞや。
But Jesus looked directly at them and said, “You can say that, [but think about] the meaning of these words that are written {which [a prophet] wrote} [RHQ] [in the Scriptures], The men who were building a house rejected a certain stone. But others put that same stone in its proper place, and it has become the most important stone in the building [MET].
18 凡そその石の上に倒るる者は碎け、又その石、人の上に倒るれば、その人を微塵にせん』
[That stone represents me, the Messiah], and those who reject me are [like people who fall on this stone]. Everyone who falls on this stone will be broken to pieces {This stone will break to pieces everyone who falls on it}, and it will crush anyone on whom it falls.”
19 此のとき學者・祭司長ら、イエスに手をかけんと思ひたれど、民を恐れたり。この譬の己どもを指して言ひ給へるを悟りしに因る。
The chief priests and the men who taught the [Jewish] laws realized that he was accusing them when he told the parable [about what those wicked men did]. So they immediately tried to find a way to seize [MTY] him, but [they did not seize him, because] they were afraid of [what] the people [there would do if they did that].
20 かくて彼ら機を窺ひ、イエスを司の支配と權威との下に付さんとて、その言を捉ふるために、義人の樣したる間諜どもを遣したれば、
So they watched him carefully. They also hired (spies/secret agents) who pretended to be sincere. [But] they really wanted to get him to say something for [which they could accuse] him. They wanted to be able to turn him over to the authority of the governor [of the province. But they also knew that the Jews were disgusted with having to pay taxes to the government].
21 其の者どもイエスに問ひて言ふ『師よ、我らは汝の正しく語り、かつ教へ、外貌を取らず、眞をもて神の道を教へ給ふを知る。
[So] one of them asked Jesus, “Teacher, we [(exc)] know that you [(sg)] speak and teach what is right. You tell the truth even if important people do not like it. You teach truthfully what God wants us to do.
22 われら貢をカイザルに納むるは、善きか、惡しきか』
[So tell us what you think about this matter]: Is it right that we pay taxes to the Roman government [MTY], or not?”
23 イエスその惡巧を知りて言ひ給ふ、
But Jesus knew that they were trying to trick him [to get him into trouble, either with the Jews, who hated to pay those taxes, or with the Roman government]. So he said to them,
24 『デナリを我に見せよ。これは誰の像、たれの號なるか』『カイザルのなり』と答ふ。
“Show me a [Roman] coin. [Then tell me] whose picture is on it. And [tell me whose] name is on it.” They [showed him a coin and] said, “It has the picture and name of Caesar, [the head of the Roman government].”
25 イエス言ひ給ふ『さらばカイザルの物はカイザルに、神の物は神に納めよ』
He said to them, “In that case, give to the government [MTY] what they [require], and give to God what he [requires].”
26 かれら民の前にて其の言をとらへ得ず、且その答を怪しみて默したり。
While the people were there, the [spies] were unable to find fault with him for what he said. And they were amazed at his answer. So they said nothing.
27 また復活なしと言張るサドカイ人の或 者ども、イエスに來り問ひて言ふ、
Some Sadducees came to [Jesus]. They are a Jewish sect who do not believe that people will become alive again after they die.
28 『師よ、モーセは、人の兄弟もし妻あり子なくして死なば、其の兄弟かれの妻を娶りて、兄弟のために嗣子を擧ぐべしと、我らに書き遣したり。
They [wanted to] ask [Jesus] a question [in order to discredit the idea that dead people will live again]. One of them said [to Jesus], “Teacher, Moses wrote for us [Jews] about situations where a man who has a wife but no children. If the man dies, his brother should marry the [dead man’s] widow so that she can have a child by him. People [will consider] that the child is the descendant of the man [who died], [and in that way the dead man will have descendants].
29 さて茲に七人の兄弟ありて、兄、妻を娶り、子なくして死に、
Well, there were seven brothers in one family. The oldest one married, but he and his wife did not bear any children. Later he died.
30 第二、第三の者も之を娶り、
The second [brother followed this law and married the widow, but the same thing happened to him].
31 七人みな同じく子を殘さずして死に、
Then the third [brother] married her, [but the same thing happened again]. All seven [brothers, one by one, married that woman], [but] they had no children, and [one by one] they died.
32 後には其の女も死にたり。
Afterwards, the woman died, too.
33 されば復活の時、この女は誰の妻たるべきか、七人これを妻としたればなり』
Therefore, [if it is true that there will be a time] when dead people will become alive again, whose wife [do you think that woman] will be [then]? ([Keep in mind that she was married to all seven brothers!/It will be impossible to decide because] she was married to all seven brothers!) [RHQ]”
Jesus replied to them, “Men who live here in this world take wives, or are given wives [by their parents] {their [parents] choose wives [for them]}. (aiōn g165)
But the men whom God considers worthy of [being in heaven after] they become alive again will not be married. (aiōn g165)
36 彼 等ははや死ぬること能はざればなり。御使たちに等しく、また復活の子どもにして、神の子供たるなり。
[You need to know also that] they cannot die any more, because they will be [immortal] [SIM] like angels. [The fact that God has caused] them to be alive again [will show] that they are God’s children.
37 死にたる者の甦へる事は、モーセも柴の條に、主を「アブラハムの神、イサクの神、ヤコブの神」と呼びて之を示せり。
But [as for people] becoming alive again after they die, Moses wrote something about that. In the place where [he wrote about] the [burning] bush, he mentions the Lord as being the God whom Abraham [worships] and the God whom Isaac [worships] and the God whom Jacob [worships].
38 神は死にたる者の神にあらず、生ける者の神なり。それ神の前には皆 生けるなり』
It is not dead people who worship God. It is living people who worship him. [Abraham, Isaac and Jacob died long before Moses lived, but God said that they were still worshipping him, so we(inc) know their spirits were still alive]! All [people] whose [spirits] are alive [again after they die continue to live to honor God]!”
39 學者のうちの或 者ども答へて『師よ、善く言ひ給へり』と言ふ。
Some of the men who taught the [Jewish] laws replied, “Teacher, you [(sg)] have answered very well!”
40 彼 等ははや何事をも問ひ得ざりし故なり。
After that, they no longer dared to ask him any more questions [like that to try to trap him].
41 イエス彼らに言ひたまふ『如何なれば人々、キリストをダビデの子と言ふか。
Then Jesus said to them, “I will show you (OR, prove to you) that people [are wrong who] say that the Messiah is [merely] a descendant of [King] David! [RHQ]
42 ダビデ自ら詩 篇に言ふ「主わが主に言ひたまふ、
Because David himself wrote [about the Messiah] in the book of Psalms, God said to my Lord, Sit [here beside me] on my right, [where I will highly honor you(sg)] [MTY].
43 われ汝の敵を汝の足臺となすまでは、わが右に坐せよ」
[Sit here] while I completely defeat your enemies.
44 ダビデ斯く彼を主と稱ふれば、爭でその子ならんや』
King David calls [the Messiah] ‘[my] Lord’! So ([the Messiah] cannot be [just someone] descended from [King] David!/how can the Messiah be [just] someone descended from [King] David?) [RHQ] [What I just said proves that he is much greater than David, isn’t that right]?”
45 民の皆ききをる中にて、イエス弟子たちに言ひ給ふ、
While all the [other] people were listening, [Jesus] said to his disciples,
46 『學者らに心せよ。彼らは長き衣を著て歩むことを好み、市場にての敬禮、會堂の上座、饗宴の上席を喜び、
“Beware that [you do not act like] the men who teach our [Jewish] laws. They like to put on long robes and walk around [to make people think that they are very important]. [They] also like [people to] greet them [respectfully] in the marketplaces. They like [to sit in] the most important places in the Jewish meeting places. At dinner parties [they like to sit in] the seats where the most honored people sit.
47 また寡婦らの家を呑み、外見をつくりて長き祈をなす。其の受くる審判は更に嚴しからん』
They swindle [MET] the houses [and property] of widows. [Then] they pretend they are good, as they pray [long] prayers [publicly. God] will [certainly] punish them very severely.”
