Exode 22
1 Lorsque quelqu'un aura volé un bœuf ou un mouton, soit pour l'égorger, soit pour le vendre, il restituera cinq bœufs pour un bœuf et quatre moutons pour un mouton.
Yahweh also said, “If someone steals a bull or a sheep, and then slaughters it [to sell it or to sacrifice it] or sells its [meat to someone else], he must pay five bulls for the bull [that he stole], and [he must pay] four sheep for the sheep [that he stole].
2 Si le voleur est surpris faisant effraction et qu'il reçoive des coups dont il meure, il n'y a pas meurtre;
If a thief is caught while he is breaking into someone else’s house [at night], if [the one who catches him] kills the thief, he is not guilty of murdering him.
3 mais si le soleil l'a éclairé, il y aura meurtre. Il restituera; s'il n'a rien, il sera vendu pour la valeur de son vol.
But if that happens during the daytime, [the one who killed the thief] is guilty of murdering him. The thief must pay for what he stole. If he has no [animals with which to pay for the one that he stole], he must be sold to [become someone’s else’s slave and the money must be used] to pay for what he stole.
4 Si la chose volée, bœuf, âne ou mouton vivant, est trouvée entre ses mains, il restituera le double.
If the thief still has the animal when he is caught, whether it is a bull or a donkey or a sheep, and it is still alive, the thief must give back [the stolen animal as well as giving] two [additional] animals for each one that he stole.
5 Lorsque quelqu'un aura fait brouter un champ ou une vigne par son bétail qu'il aura introduit et laissé pâturer dans le champ d'autrui, il donnera pour le dommage le meilleur produit de son champ et de sa vigne.
If someone allows his animals to (graze/eat the grass) in his field or in his vineyard, and if they stray away and eat the crops in another person’s field, the owner of the animals must pay [the owner of those crops] by giving him the best crops from his own field or vineyard.
6 Lorsque du feu échappé atteindra des épines et qu'une pile de gerbes, où une moisson, ou une plantation en sera ravagée, le dommage sera réparé par celui qui a été l'occasion de l'incendie.
Suppose someone starts a fire in his own field, and the fire spreads through the grass and starts burning in someone else’s field, and the fire burns grain that is growing or grain that is already [cut and] stacked. Then the person who started the fire must pay completely for the damage.
7 Lorsque quelqu'un aura commis de l'argent ou de la vaisselle à la garde de son prochain de la maison duquel ce dépôt sera enlevé, si le voleur est découvert, il restituera le double.
Suppose someone gives to another person some money or other valuable goods and asks him to guard them [in his house for a while]. If those things are stolen from that person’s house, if the thief is caught, he must pay back twice [as much as he stole].
8 Si le voleur ne se découvre pas, le maître de la maison paraîtra devant Dieu pour dire s'il n'a point mis la main sur la propriété de son prochain.
But if the thief is not caught, the owner of the house [from which the things were stolen] must stand before the judges, so that the judges can determine whether [the owner of the house] was the one who took the other man’s goods [and sold them to someone else].
9 Pour tous les cas de fraude au sujet d'un bœuf, d'un âne, d'un mouton, d'un manteau et de tout objet perdu, duquel on dit: ce l'est, les deux parties porteront l'affaire devant Dieu; celui que Dieu condamnera restituera le double à son prochain.
If two people argue about which one of them owns a bull or a donkey or a sheep or some clothing, or something else that has been lost, the two people who each claim/say that the item belongs to them must stand before the judges. The one whom the judges declare is lying must pay back [to the real owner] twice as many bulls or donkeys or sheep or pieces of clothing.
10 Lorsque quelqu'un aura commis à la garde de son prochain un âne ou un bœuf ou une brebis ou une pièce de bétail quelconque, qui périsse, se fracture ou soit enlevée en l'absence de témoins,
Suppose someone gives his donkey or bull or sheep or some other animal to someone else and asks him to take care of it [for a while], and the animal dies or is injured or is stolen while no one is watching.
11 le serment à l'Éternel interviendra entre les deux parties pour constater s'il n'a point mis la main sur la propriété de son prochain, et le propriétaire l'acceptera et le [dépositaire] ne paiera rien.
Then the person [who was taking care of the animal] must (swear/solemnly declare), knowing that God is listening, that he did not steal the animal. If he did not steal it the owner of the animal must accept/believe that the other person is telling the truth, and the other person will not have to pay anything back to the owner.
12 Que si l'animal a été volé dans la maison du dépositaire, le propriétaire sera dédommagé;
But if the animal was stolen [while he was supposed to be taking care of it], the man who promised to take care of it must pay back the owner for the animal.
13 s'il a été déchiré, il sera produit en preuve; ce qui a été déchiré ne sera point restitué.
If [he says that] the animal was killed by wild animals, he must bring back the remains of the animal that was killed and show it to the animal’s owner. If he does that, he will not have to pay anything for the animal.
14 Lorsque quelqu'un aura emprunté de son prochain [une bête de somme], si elle se fracture ou périt n'étant pas accompagnée de son maître, c'est le cas de dédommager.
If someone borrows an animal, and if that animal is hurt or dies when its owner is not there, the one who borrowed it must pay the owner for the animal.
15 Si son maître l'accompagne, il n'y a pas lieu de dédommager; si elle a été prise à louage, cela rentre dans son prix de louage.
But if that happens when the owner of the animal is there, the one who borrowed it will not have to pay back anything. If the man who borrowed it only rented it, the money that he paid to rent it will be enough to pay for the animal [dying or being injured].”
16 Si un homme séduit une vierge qui n'est pas fiancée, et qu'il habite avec elle, il la prendra pour femme en payant le prix de l'épouse.
“If a man persuades a girl/woman to have sex with him, a girl/woman who (is a virgin/has never had sex with any man) and who is not engaged to be married, he must pay the bride price for her and marry her.
17 Si le père refuse de la lui accorder, il paiera un prix égal au prix des vierges [qu'on marie].
But if her father refuses to allow her to marry him, he must pay to the woman’s father the amount of money that is equal to the amount of bride price money that men pay for virgins.
18 Tu ne laisseras point la vie à la magicienne.
You must execute any woman who (practices sorcery/is a shaman).
19 Quiconque se livre à la bestialité sera mis à mort.
You must execute any person who has sex with an animal.
20 Celui qui sacrifie aux dieux et non à l'Éternel seul, sera frappé d'anathème.
You [must offer sacrifices] only to Yahweh. You must execute anyone who offers a sacrifice to any [other] god.
21 Tu ne maltraiteras point l'étranger et ne l'opprimeras point; car vous fûtes étrangers dans le pays d'Egypte.
You must not mistreat a foreigner [who comes to live among you]. Do not forget that you were previously foreigners in Egypt.
22 Tu n'affligeras point la veuve et l'orphelin.
You must not mistreat any widow or any orphan.
23 Si tu les affliges, sache que s'ils élèvent vers moi leurs cris, j'écouterai, écouterai leurs cris,
If you mistreat them and they cry out to me [for help], I will hear them.
24 et ma colère s'allumera, et je vous ferai périr par l'épée, et vos femmes deviendront veuves et vos fils orphelins.
And I will be angry with you, and I will cause you to be killed in a war [MTY]. Your wives will become widows, and your children will no longer have fathers.
25 Si tu prêtes de l'argent à mon peuple, au pauvre qui vit avec toi, ne sois point pour lui un usurier; tu ne lui imposeras point d'intérêts.
If you lend money to any of my people who are poor, do not act like a moneylender and require him to pay interest on the money.
26 Si tu prends comme gage le manteau de ton prochain, tu le lui rendras avant le coucher du soleil;
If he gives you his cloak to guarantee [that he will pay the money back], you must give the cloak back to him before the sun goes down,
27 car c'est sa seule couverture, le manteau qu'il a pour son corps; sur quoi coucherait-il? Que s'il élève vers moi ses cris, j'écouterai, car je suis miséricordieux.
because he needs it to keep him warm [during the night]. (That is the only covering that poor people have when they sleep at night./What else will he cover himself with during the night?) [RHQ] [If you do not act mercifully toward him by returning his cloak], when he cries out to me asking for my help, I will help him, because I [always act] mercifully.
28 Tu ne parleras point de Dieu avec mépris, ni avec des malédictions d'un prince de ton peuple.
Do not (revile/speak evil about) me, and do not (curse/ask me to do harmful things to) any ruler of your people.
29 Offre sans délai les prémices de ton aire, et de la liqueur de ton pressoir. Tu me donneras tes fils premiers-nés.
(Do not withhold from/Give) me the best parts of the grain that you harvest and of the olive oil and the wine that you produce.
30 Ainsi tu feras pour ton gros bétail et ton menu bétail; sept jours il restera auprès de sa mère, et le huitième tu m'en feras don.
You must dedicate your firstborn sons to me. Similarly, your firstborn [male] cattle and sheep belong to me. After those animals are born, allow them to stay with their mothers for seven days. On the eighth day, offer them to me [as a sacrifice].
31 Et soyez pour moi des hommes saints; et ne mangez point la chair déchirée dans les champs; c'est aux chiens que vous la jetterez.
You are people who are (completely dedicated to/set apart for) me. [And I detest] the meat of any animal that has been killed by wild animals. Therefore you should not eat such meat. Instead, throw it where the dogs [can eat it].”
