Псалтирь 78
1 Учение Асафа. Внимай, народ мой, закону моему, приклоните ухо ваше к словам уст моих.
My friends, listen to what I am going to teach you; pay careful attention [IDM] to what I say.
2 Открою уста мои в притче и произнесу гадания из древности.
I am going to give you some sayings that wise people have said. They will be sayings about things that happened long ago, things that were difficult to understand [MET],
3 Что слышали мы и узнали, и отцы наши рассказали нам,
things that we have heard and known previously, things that our parents and grandparents told us.
4 не скроем от детей их, возвещая роду грядущему славу Господа, и силу Его, и чудеса Его, которые Он сотворил.
We will tell these things to our children [LIT], and we will also tell to our grandchildren [about] Yahweh’s power and the glorious/great things that he has done.
5 Он постановил устав в Иакове и положил закон в Израиле, который заповедал отцам нашим возвещать детям их,
He gave laws and commandments to the Israeli people, [those who are the descendants of] Jacob [DOU], and he told our ancestors to teach them to their children
6 чтобы знал грядущий род, дети, которые родятся, и чтобы они в свое время возвещали своим детям, -
in order that their children would [also] know them and then they would teach them to their children.
7 возлагать надежду свою на Бога и не забывать дел Божиих, и хранить заповеди Его,
In that way, they also would trust in God, and not forget the things that he has done; instead, they would obey his commandments.
8 и не быть подобными отцам их, роду упорному и мятежному, неустроенному сердцем и неверному Богу духом своим.
They would not be like their ancestors, who were very stubborn and kept rebelling [against God]; they did not continue firmly trusting in God, and they did not worship only him.
9 Сыны Ефремовы, вооруженные, стреляющие из луков, обратились назад в день брани:
[The soldiers of] the tribe of Ephraim had bows [and arrows] but they ran away [from their enemies] on the day that they fought a battle with their enemies.
10 они не сохранили завета Божия и отреклись ходить в законе Его;
They did not do what they had agreed with God that they would do; they refused to obey his laws.
11 забыли дела Его и чудеса, которые Он явил им.
They forgot what he had done; they forgot about the miracles that they had seen him perform.
12 Он пред глазами отцов их сотворил чудеса в земле Египетской, на поле Цоан:
While our ancestors were watching, God performed miracles in the area around Zoan [city] in Egypt.
13 разделил море, и провел их чрез него, и поставил воды стеною;
[Then] he caused the [Red] Sea to divide, causing the water [on each side] to pile up like a wall, with the result that [our ancestors] walked through it [on dry ground].
14 и днем вел их облаком, а во всю ночь светом огня;
He led them by a [bright] cloud during the day and by a fiery light during the night.
15 рассек камень в пустыне и напоил их, как из великой бездны;
He split rocks open in the desert, giving to our ancestors plenty of water from deep inside the earth.
16 из скалы извел потоки, и воды потекли, как реки.
He caused a stream of water to flow from the rock; the water flowed like a river [DOU].
17 Но они продолжали грешить пред Ним и раздражать Всевышнего в пустыне:
But [our ancestors] continued to sin against God; in the desert they rebelled against the one who is greater than any other god.
18 искушали Бога в сердце своем, требуя пищи по душе своей,
By demanding that God give them the food that they desired, they tried to find out if he would always do what they requested him to do.
19 и говорили против Бога и сказали: “может ли Бог приготовить трапезу в пустыне?”
They insulted God by saying, “We don’t think he can supply food for us [here] in this desert!
20 Вот, Он ударил в камень, и потекли воды, и полились ручьи. “Может ли Он дать и хлеб, может ли приготовлять мясо народу Своему?”
[It is true that] he struck the rock, with the result that water gushed/flowed out, [but] (can he also provide bread and meat for [us], his people?/we doubt that he can also provide bread and meat for us, his people.)” [RHQ]
21 Господь услышал и воспламенился гневом, и огонь возгорелся на Иакова, и гнев подвигнулся на Израиля
So, when Yahweh heard that, he became very angry, and he sent a fire to burn up [some of] his Israeli [people]. [MTY, DOU]
22 за то, что не веровали в Бога и не уповали на спасение Его.
[He did that] because they did not trust in him, and they did not believe that he would rescue them.
23 Он повелел облакам свыше и отверз двери неба,
But God spoke to the sky above them; he commanded it to open [like] a door,
24 и одождил на них манну в пищу, и хлеб небесный дал им.
and [then food] fell down like rain, [food which they named] ‘manna’; God gave them grain from (heaven/the sky).
25 Хлеб ангельский ел человек; послал Он им пищу до сытости.
[So] the people ate the food that angels eat, [and] God gave to them all the manna that they wanted.
26 Он возбудил на небе восточный ветер и навел южный силою Своею
[Later], he caused the wind to blow from the east, and by his power he also sent wind from the south,
27 и, как пыль, одождил на них мясо и, как песок морской, птиц пернатых:
and the wind brought birds which were as numerous as the grains of sand on the seashore.
28 поверг их среди стана их, около жилищ их, -
God caused those birds to fall [dead] in the middle of (their camp)/the area where the people had put up their tents. [There were dead birds] all around their tents.
29 и они ели и пресытились; и желаемое ими дал им.
[So] the people [cooked the birds and] ate the meat and their stomachs were full, because God had given them what they wanted.
30 Но еще не прошла прихоть их, еще пища была в устах их,
But before they had eaten all that they wanted, and while they were still eating it,
31 гнев Божий пришел на них, убил тучных их и юношей Израилевых низложил.
God was [still] very angry with them, and he caused their strongest men to die; he got rid of [many of] the finest [young] Israeli men.
32 При всем этом они продолжали грешить и не верили чудесам Его.
In spite of all that, the people continued to sin; in spite of all the miracles that God had performed, they still did not trust that he [would take care of them].
33 И погубил дни их в суете и лета их в смятении.
So, he caused their lives to end as quickly as a puff of wind ends; they died when disasters suddenly struck them.
34 Когда Он убивал их, они искали Его и обращались, и с раннего утра прибегали к Богу,
When God caused [some of] them to die, [the others] turned to God; they repented and earnestly asked God [to save them].
35 и вспоминали, что Бог - их прибежище, и Бог Всевышний - Избавитель их,
They remembered that God is [like] a huge rock ledge [under which they would be safe] [MET], and that he, who was greater than any other god, is the one who protected/rescued them.
36 и льстили Ему устами своими и языком своим лгали пред Ним;
But they [tried to] deceive God by what they said [MTY]; their words [MTY] were [all] lies.
37 сердце же их было неправо пред Ним, и они не были верны завету Его.
They were not loyal to him; they disregarded/ignored the agreement that he had made with them.
38 Но Он, Милостивый, прощал грех и не истреблял их, многократно отвращал гнев Свой и не возбуждал всей ярости Своей:
But God was merciful to his people. He forgave them for having sinned and did not get rid of them. Many times he refrained from becoming angry [with them] and restrained from furiously/severely [punishing them] [MTY].
39 Он помнил, что они плоть, дыхание, которое уходит и не возвращается.
He remembered/considered that they were only humans who die; they [disappear quickly] [SIM], like a wind that blows by and then is gone.
40 Сколько раз они раздражали Его в пустыне и прогневляли Его в стране необитаемой!
Many times our ancestors rebelled against God in the desert and caused him to become very sad.
41 и снова искушали Бога и оскорбляли Святаго Израилева,
Many times they did evil things, to find out [if they could do those things without God punishing them]. They frequently caused the holy God of Israel to become disgusted/sad.
42 не помнили руки Его, дня, когда Он избавил их от угнетения,
They forgot about his [great] power, and they (forgot/did not think) about the time when he rescued them from their enemies.
43 когда сотворил в Египте знамения Свои и чудеса Свои на поле Цоан;
They forgot about when he performed many miracles in the area near Zoan [city] in Egypt.
44 и превратил реки их и потоки их в кровь, чтобы они не могли пить;
He caused the [Nile] River (OR, their sources of water) to become [red like] blood, with the result that the people of Egypt had no water to drink.
45 послал на них насекомых, чтобы жалили их, и жаб, чтобы губили их;
He sent among the people of Egypt swarms of flies that bit them, and he sent frogs that ate up everything.
46 земные произрастения их отдал гусенице и труд их - саранче;
He sent locusts to eat their crops and the other things that grew in their fields.
47 виноград их побил градом и сикоморы их - льдом;
He sent hail that destroyed the grapevines, and sent frost that ruined the figs.
48 скот их предал граду и стада их - молниям;
He sent hail that killed their cattle and sent lightning that killed their sheep and cows.
49 послал на них пламень гнева Своего, и негодование, и ярость и бедствие, посольство злых ангелов;
Because God was fiercely angry with the people of Egypt, he caused them to be very distressed. The disasters that struck them were like a group of angels that destroyed [everything].
50 уравнял стезю гневу Своему, не охранял души их от смерти, и скот их предал моровой язве;
He did not lessen his being angry [with them], and he did not (spare their lives/prevent them from dying); he sent a (plague/serious illness) that killed [many of] them.
51 поразил всякого первенца в Египте, начатки сил в шатрах Хамовых;
He also caused all the firstborn sons of the people of Egypt to die.
52 и повел народ Свой, как овец, и вел их, как стадо, пустынею;
Then he led his people out [of Egypt] like [a shepherd leads] his sheep [SIM], and he guided them [while they walked] through the desert.
53 вел их безопасно, и они не страшились, а врагов их покрыло море;
He led them safely, and they were not afraid, but their enemies were drowned in the sea.
54 и привел их в область святую Свою, на гору сию, которую стяжала десница Его;
[Later] he brought them to [Canaan], his sacred land, to [Zion] Hill (OR, the hilly area) and by his power [MTY] he enabled them to conquer [the people who were living there].
55 прогнал от лица их народы и землю их разделил в наследие им, и колена Израилевы поселил в шатрах их.
He expelled the people-groups while his people were advancing; he allotted part of the land for [each tribe] to possess, and he gave to the Israeli people the houses of those people who had been expelled.
56 Но они еще искушали и огорчали Бога Всевышнего, и уставов Его не сохраняли;
However, the Israeli people rebelled against God, who is greater than any other god, and they did many evil things to see if they could do those things without God punishing them, and they did not obey his commandments.
57 отступали и изменяли, как отцы их, обращались назад, как неверный лук;
Instead, like their ancestors did, they rebelled against God and (were not loyal to/did not faithfully [obey]) him; they were as [unreliable as] a crooked arrow [that does not go straight] [SIM].
58 огорчали Его высотами своими и истуканами своими возбуждали ревность Его.
Because they [worshiped] carved images of their gods on the tops of hills, they caused God to become angry [DOU].
59 Услышал Бог и воспламенился гневом и сильно вознегодовал на Израиля;
He saw what they were doing and became very angry, so he rejected the Israeli people.
60 отринул жилище в Силоме, скинию, в которой обитал Он между человеками;
He no longer appeared to them at Shiloh in the tent where he had lived among them.
61 и отдал в плен крепость Свою и славу Свою в руки врага,
He allowed their enemies to capture [the sacred chest], [which was the symbol of] his power and his glory.
62 и предал мечу народ Свой и прогневался на наследие Свое.
Because he was angry with his people, he allowed them to be killed [MTY] [by their enemies].
63 Юношей его поедал огонь, и девицам его не пели брачных песен;
Young men were killed in battles, with the result that the young women had no one to marry.
64 священники его падали от меча, и вдовы его не плакали.
[Many] priests were killed by [their enemies’] swords, and (the people did not allow the priests’ widows/the priests’ widows were not allowed) to mourn.
65 Но, как бы от сна, воспрянул Господь, как бы исполин, побежденный вином,
Later, [it was as though] the Lord awoke from sleeping; he was like a strong man who (became stimulated/felt that he was strong) by (OR, became sober after) [drinking] a lot of wine [SIM].
66 и поразил врагов его в тыл, вечному сраму предал их;
He pushed their enemies back and caused them to be [very] ashamed for a long time [HYP] [because they had been defeated].
67 и отверг шатер Иосифов и колена Ефремова не избрал,
[But] he did not set up his tent where [the people of] the tribe of Ephraim lived; he did not choose their area [to do that].
68 а избрал колено Иудино, гору Сион, которую возлюбил.
Instead he chose [the area where] the tribe of Judah [lived]; he chose Zion Hill, which he loves.
69 И устроил, как небо, святилище Свое и, как землю, утвердил его навек,
He [decided to have] his temple built [there], high up, like [his home in] heaven; he caused it to be firm, [and intended that] his temple would last forever, like the earth.
70 и избрал Давида, раба Своего, и взял его от дворов овчих
He chose David, who served him [faithfully], and took him from the pastures
71 и от доящих привел его пасти народ Свой, Иакова, и наследие Свое, Израиля.
where he was taking care of his [father’s] sheep, and appointed him to be the leader [MET] of the Israeli people, the people who belong to God.
72 И он пас их в чистоте сердца своего и руками мудрыми водил их.
David took care of the Israeli people sincerely and wholeheartedly, and guided them skillfully/wisely.
