اَلتَّكْوِينُ 38

١ 1 وَحَدَثَ فِي ذَلِكَ ٱلزَّمَانِ أَنَّ يَهُوذَا نَزَلَ مِنْ عِنْدِ إِخْوَتِهِ، وَمَالَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ عَدُّلَامِيٍّ ٱسْمُهُ حِيرَةُ.

At that time, Judah left his older and younger brothers and went down from the hilly area and stayed with a man whose name was Hiram, who lived in Adullam [town].

٢ 2 وَنَظَرَ يَهُوذَا هُنَاكَ ٱبْنَةَ رَجُلٍ كَنْعَانِيٍّ ٱسْمُهُ شُوعٌ، فَأَخَذَهَا وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا،

There he (met/became acquainted with) a woman who was the daughter of a man from Canaan named Shua. He married her. He had sex [EUP] with her,

٣ 3 فَحَبِلَتْ وَوَلَدَتِ ٱبْنًا وَدَعَا ٱسْمَهُ «عِيرًا».

and she became pregnant and later gave birth to a son, whom he named Er.

٤ 4 ثُمَّ حَبِلَتْ أَيْضًا وَوَلَدَتِ ٱبْنًا وَدَعَتِ ٱسْمَهُ «أُونَانَ».

Later she became pregnant again and gave birth to another son whom she named Onan.

٥ 5 ثُمَّ عَادَتْ فَوَلَدَتْ أَيْضًا ٱبْنًا وَدَعَتِ ٱسْمَهُ «شِيلَةَ». وَكَانَ فِي كَزِيبَ حِينَ وَلَدَتْهُ.

Many years later, when Judah and his family went to live in Kezib [town], Judah’s wife gave birth to another son, whom she named Shelah.

٦ 6 وَأَخَذَ يَهُوذَا زَوْجَةً لِعِيرٍ بِكْرِهِ ٱسْمُهَا ثَامَارُ.

When Judah’s oldest son Er [grew up], Judah got a wife for him, a woman named Tamar.

٧ 7 وَكَانَ عِيرٌ بِكْرُ يَهُوذَا شِرِّيرًا فِي عَيْنَيِ ٱلرَّبِّ، فَأَمَاتَهُ ٱلرَّبُّ.

But Er did something that Yahweh considered to be very wicked, so Yahweh caused him to die.

٨ 8 فَقَالَ يَهُوذَا لِأُونَانَ: «ٱدْخُلْ عَلَى ٱمْرَأَةِ أَخِيكَ وَتَزَوَّجْ بِهَا، وَأَقِمْ نَسْلًا لِأَخِيكَ».

Then Judah said to Onan, “Your older brother died without having any sons. So marry his widow and have sex [EUP] with her. That is what our customs require that you should do.”

٩ 9 فَعَلِمَ أُونَانُ أَنَّ ٱلنَّسْلَ لَا يَكُونُ لَهُ، فَكَانَ إِذْ دَخَلَ عَلَى ٱمْرَأَةِ أَخِيهِ أَنَّهُ أَفْسَدَ عَلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ، لِكَيْ لَا يُعْطِيَ نَسْلًا لِأَخِيهِ.

But Onan knew if he did that, any children who would be born would not be considered to be his. So every time he had sex [EUP] with his brother’s widow, he spilled his semen on the ground, so that she would not get pregnant and produce children for his older brother.

١٠ 10 فَقَبُحَ فِي عَيْنَيِ ٱلرَّبِّ مَا فَعَلَهُ، فَأَمَاتَهُ أَيْضًا.

Yahweh considered that what he did was wicked, so he caused him to die also.

١١ 11 فَقَالَ يَهُوذَا لِثَامَارَ كَنَّتِهِ: «ٱقْعُدِي أَرْمَلَةً فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيكِ حَتَّى يَكْبُرَ شِيلَةُ ٱبْنِي». لِأَنَّهُ قَالَ: «لَعَلَّهُ يَمُوتُ هُوَ أَيْضًا كَأَخَوَيْهِ». فَمَضَتْ ثَامَارُ وَقَعَدَتْ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهَا.

Then Judah said to his daughter-in-law Tamar, “Return to your father’s house, but do not marry anyone else. When my youngest son Shelah grows up, [he can marry you].” But Judah [really did not want Shelah to marry her, because] he was afraid that then Shelah would die too, just as his older brothers had died. So Tamar [obeyed Judah and] went back to live in her father’s house again.

١٢ 12 وَلَمَّا طَالَ ٱلزَّمَانُ مَاتَتِ ٱبْنَةُ شُوعٍ ٱمْرَأَةُ يَهُوذَا. ثُمَّ تَعَزَّى يَهُوذَا فَصَعِدَ إِلَى جُزَّازِ غَنَمِهِ إِلَى تِمْنَةَ، هُوَ وَحِيرَةُ صَاحِبُهُ ٱلْعَدُّلَامِيُّ.

Several years later, Judah’s wife, who was the daughter of Shua, died. When the time of mourning for her was finished, Judah decided to go up to Timnah, to the place where his (men were shearing his sheep/sheep were being sheared) His friend Hiram, from Adullam, went with him.

١٣ 13 فَأُخْبِرَتْ ثَامَارُ وَقِيلَ لَهَا: «هُوَذَا حَمُوكِ صَاعِدٌ إِلَى تِمْنَةَ لِيَجُزَّ غَنَمَهُ».

Someone said to Tamar, “Your father-in-law is going to [the fields near the city of] Timnah to help the men who are shearing his sheep.”

١٤ 14 فَخَلَعَتْ عَنْهَا ثِيَابَ تَرَمُّلِهَا، وَتَغَطَّتْ بِبُرْقُعٍ وَتَلَفَّفَتْ، وَجَلَسَتْ فِي مَدْخَلِ عَيْنَايِمَ ٱلَّتِي عَلَى طَرِيقِ تِمْنَةَ، لِأَنَّهَا رَأَتْ أَنَّ شِيلَةَ قَدْ كَبُرَ وَهِيَ لَمْ تُعْطَ لَهُ زَوْجَةً.

[She realized that now Shelah was grown up, but Judah had not given her to him to be his wife. So] she took off her widow’s clothes, and covered her head with a veil, so that people would not (recognize her/know who she was). Then she sat down at the entrance to Enaim [town], which is on the road to Timnah.

١٥ 15 فَنَظَرَهَا يَهُوذَا وَحَسِبَهَا زَانِيَةً، لِأَنَّهَا كَانَتْ قَدْ غَطَّتْ وَجْهَهَا.

When Judah came along and saw her, he thought that she was a prostitute, because she had covered her head [like prostitutes often did] (OR, [and sat where prostitutes often sat)].

١٦ 16 فَمَالَ إِلَيْهَا عَلَى ٱلطَّرِيقِ وَقَالَ: «هَاتِي أَدْخُلْ عَلَيْكِ». لِأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَنَّهَا كَنَّتُهُ. فَقَالَتْ: «مَاذَا تُعْطِينِي لِكَيْ تَدْخُلَ عَلَيَّ؟»

Judah did not realize that she was his daughter-in-law. So he said to her, “Hey, let me have sex [EUP] with you!” She replied, “What will you give me for allowing you to have sex [EUP] with me?”

١٧ 17 فَقَالَ: «إِنِّي أُرْسِلُ جَدْيَ مِعْزَى مِنَ ٱلْغَنَمِ». فَقَالَتْ: «هَلْ تُعْطِينِي رَهْنًا حَتَّى تُرْسِلَهُ؟».

He replied, “I will send you a young goat from my flock of goats.” She asked, “Will you give me something now for me to keep until you send the goat?”

١٨ 18 فَقَالَ: «مَا ٱلرَّهْنُ ٱلَّذِي أُعْطِيكِ؟» فَقَالَتْ: «خَاتِمُكَ وَعِصَابَتُكَ وَعَصَاكَ ٱلَّتِي فِي يَدِكَ». فَأَعْطَاهَا وَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا، فَحَبِلَتْ مِنْهُ.

He replied, “What do you want me to give to you?” She replied, “Give me the ring that has your name on it that is tied by a cord around your neck, and give me the walking stick that you are holding in your hand.” So he gave them to her. Then he had sex [EUP] with her, and she became pregnant.

١٩ 19 ثُمَّ قَامَتْ وَمَضَتْ وَخَلَعَتْ عَنْهَا بُرْقُعَهَا وَلَبِسَتْ ثِيَابَ تَرَمُّلِهَا.

After she left, she took off the veil and put her widow’s clothes on again.

٢٠ 20 فَأَرْسَلَ يَهُوذَا جَدْيَ ٱلْمِعْزَى بِيَدِ صَاحِبِهِ ٱلْعَدُّلَامِيِّ لِيَأْخُذَ ٱلرَّهْنَ مِنْ يَدِ ٱلْمَرْأَةِ، فَلَمْ يَجِدْهَا.

Judah gave a young goat to his friend from Adullam, for him to take back to the woman, as he had promised. But his friend could not find the woman.

٢١ 21 فَسَأَلَ أَهْلَ مَكَانِهَا قَائِلًا: «أَيْنَ ٱلزَّانِيَةُ ٱلَّتِي كَانَتْ فِي عَيْنَايِمَ عَلَى ٱلطَّرِيقِ؟» فَقَالُوا: «لَمْ تَكُنْ هَهُنَا زَانِيَةٌ».

So he asked the men who lived there, “Where is the prostitute who was sitting by the road at Enaim?” They replied, “There has never been a prostitute here!”

٢٢ 22 فَرَجَعَ إِلَى يَهُوذَا وَقَالَ: «لَمْ أَجِدْهَا. وَأَهْلُ ٱلْمَكَانِ أَيْضًا قَالُوا: لَمْ تَكُنْ هَهُنَا زَانِيَةٌ».

So he went back to Judah and said, “I did not find her. [Furthermore], the men who live in that town said, ‘There has never been a prostitute here.’”

٢٣ 23 فَقَالَ يَهُوذَا: «لِتَأْخُذْ لِنَفْسِهَا، لِئَلَّا نَصِيرَ إِهَانَةً. إِنِّي قَدْ أَرْسَلْتُ هَذَا ٱلْجَدْيَ وَأَنْتَ لَمْ تَجِدْهَا».

Judah said, “She can keep the things that I gave to her. If we continued to search for her, people would ridicule us. I tried to send this young goat to her, but you could not find her to give it to her.”

٢٤ 24 وَلَمَّا كَانَ نَحْوُ ثَلَاثَةِ أَشْهُرٍ، أُخْبِرَ يَهُوذَا وَقِيلَ لَهُ: «قَدْ زَنَتْ ثَامَارُ كَنَّتُكَ، وَهَا هِيَ حُبْلَى أَيْضًا مِنَ ٱلزِّنَا». فَقَالَ يَهُوذَا: «أَخْرِجُوهَا فَتُحْرَقَ».

About three months later, someone told Judah, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar has become a prostitute and now she is pregnant!” Judah said, “Drag her outside of the city and kill her by burning her!”

٢٥ 25 أَمَّا هِيَ فَلَمَّا أُخْرِجَتْ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى حَمِيهَا قَائِلَةً: «مِنَ ٱلرَّجُلِ ٱلَّذِي هَذِهِ لَهُ أَنَا حُبْلَى!» وَقَالَتْ: «حَقِّقْ لِمَنِ ٱلْخَاتِمُ وَٱلْعِصَابَةُ وَٱلْعَصَا هَذِهِ».

But as they were taking her outside of the city, she gave the ring and walking stick to someone, and told him to take them to Judah, and say to him, “The man who owns these things is the one who caused me to become pregnant.” She also said to tell him, “Look at this ring, and the cord that is attached to it, and this walking stick. Whose are they?”

٢٦ 26 فَتَحَقَّقَهَا يَهُوذَا وَقَالَ: «هِيَ أَبَرُّ مِنِّي، لِأَنِّي لَمْ أُعْطِهَا لِشِيلَةَ ٱبْنِي». فَلَمْ يَعُدْ يَعْرِفُهَا أَيْضًا.

When the man did that, Judah recognized the ring and the stick. He said, “She is more righteous than I am. I did not tell my son Shelah to marry her, as I promised that I would.” And Judah did not have sex [EUP] with her again.

٢٧ 27 وَفِي وَقْتِ وِلَادَتِهَا إِذَا فِي بَطْنِهَا تَوْأَمَانِ.

When it was time for her to give birth, [she was surprised that] there were twin boys in her womb.

٢٨ 28 وَكَانَ فِي وِلَادَتِهَا أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمَا أَخْرَجَ يَدًا فَأَخَذَتِ ٱلْقَابِلَةُ وَرَبَطَتْ عَلَى يَدِهِ قِرْمِزًا، قَائِلَةً: «هَذَا خَرَجَ أَوَّلًا».

As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand. So the midwife fastened a scarlet thread around his wrist, saying, “This one came out first.”

٢٩ 29 وَلَكِنْ حِينَ رَدَّ يَدَهُ، إِذَا أَخُوهُ قَدْ خَرَجَ. فَقَالَتْ: «لِمَاذَا ٱقْتَحَمْتَ؟ عَلَيْكَ ٱقْتِحَامٌ!». فَدُعِيَ ٱسْمُهُ «فَارِصَ».

But he pulled his hand back inside the womb, and his brother came out first. So she said, “So this is how you break your way out first!” So she named him Perez, [which sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘breaking out].’

٣٠ 30 وَبَعْدَ ذَلِكَ خَرَجَ أَخُوهُ ٱلَّذِي عَلَى يَدِهِ ٱلْقِرْمِزُ. فَدُعِيَ ٱسْمُهُ «زَارَحَ».

Then his younger brother, the one who had the scarlet thread around his wrist, came out. And he was named Zerah, [which sounds like the Hebrew word that means ‘redness of dawn].’